迈向现代化强国的发展密码
迈向现代化强国的发展密码——习近平经济思想的时代特质和实践价值
Toward Modernity: The Value of Xi Jinping’s Economic Thought
2023年3月
March 2023
导论
Introduction
思想是历史的航标。
Thoughts are the beacons of history.
以习近平同志为核心的党中央统筹把握中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局，对中国经济发展所处的时代方位和历史阶段进行科学判断，创造性提出一系列治国理政新理念新思想新战略，在实践中创立形成并不断丰富发展了习近平经济思想。作为习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的重要组成部分，习近平经济思想是马克思主义政治经济学中国化时代化的最新理论成果，是中国共产党不懈探索社会主义经济发展道路形成的宝贵思想结晶，是指引中国经济高质量发展、全面建设社会主义现代化国家的科学行动指南。
The Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, has pursued a strategy of national rejuvenation amid global changes of a magnitude not seen in a century. It has accurately assessed the stage and position of China’s economic development, creatively introduced a series of new ideas, new ways of thinking and new strategies for governance, and formed and developed Xi Jinping’s economic thought through practice.
As a key part of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Xi Jinping’s economic thought represents the latest theoretical achievements of adapting Marxist political economy to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. It encapsulates the CPC’s ideas and thoughts developed from the Party’s unremitting exploration of the path of socialist economic development, and provides a sound guide for China’s high-quality economic development and the building of a modern socialist country in all respects.
在实践中发展真理，在实践中检验真理。
Truth is developed and tested in practice.
——新时代 10 年来，中国经济实力实现历史性跃升，国内生产总值从 54 万亿元增长到 121 万亿元，稳居世界第二；历史性地解决了绝对贫困问题，如期全面建成小康社会，中国发展站在新的更高历史起点上。
– Over the past decade, China’s economic strength has seen a historic rise, with the country’s GDP growing from 54 trillion yuan to 121 trillion yuan, ranking second in the world. Having resolved the issue of absolute poverty and having completed the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects on schedule, China now stands at a higher historical starting point of development.
——5 年来，中国经受了世界变局加快演变、新冠疫情冲击、国内经济下行等多重考验，有效守护了人民生命安全和身体健康，中国经济在高质量发展航道上乘风破浪向前，“十四五”取得良好开局。
– Over the past five years, China has withstood multiple tests, such as a fast-changing world, shocks from the COVID-19 pandemic and the domestic economic downturn, and effectively protected the lives and health of its people. With the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) off to a good start, the Chinese economy is marching forward on the path of high-quality development.
——3 年来，面对世纪疫情，2020 年中国在全球主要经济体中率先实现正增长，3 年经济年均增长 4.5%、明显高于世界平均水平，统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展取得重大成果。
– Over the past three years, in the face of a once-in-a-century pandemic, China was the first major economy worldwide to achieve positive growth, managing to achieve an average annual growth of 4.5 percent, far exceeding the global average. Tremendous achievements were made in both pandemic response and economic and social development.
——2022 年，面对疫情反复、乌克兰危机等超预期因素，中国经济顶住压力，国内生产总值同比增长 3%，保持了经济社会大局稳定。新时代中国经济建设的历史性成就、历史性变革，深刻昭示了以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导、习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学指引是我们应对一切不确定性的最大确定性，深刻揭示了习近平经济思想的实践伟力。
– In 2022, facing unexpected factors such as the resurgence of COVID-19 and the Ukraine crisis, the Chinese economy stood up to the pressure with 3 percent year-on-year GDP growth, and ensured overall economic and social stability.
The historic achievements and historic changes of the Chinese economy in the new era serve as a profound indication that the firm leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the maximum certainty we have when dealing with all uncertainties, and also a profound indication for the great strength of Xi Jinping’s economic thought in practice.
长路有险夷。中国进入新发展阶段，继续发展具有多方面优势和条件，同时也必须看到，当前经济恢复的基础尚不牢固，需求收缩、供给冲击、预期转弱三重压力仍然较大，外部环境动荡不安，给中国经济带来的影响加深。国际形势越是复杂严峻，国内改革发展任务越是艰巨繁重，越是要坚持以习近平经济思想为指导，步调一致向前进，形成强大发展合力。这是当前和未来中国经济砥砺向前的关键所在，是战胜困难、踔厉奋发的自信所在。
Long roads are bound to be strewn with difficulties and obstacles. Entering a new development stage, China enjoys multiple advantages and favorable conditions for further development. But we must be aware that the foundations of economic recovery are not yet sound, the pressures of shrinking demand, supply impact and weakening expectations remain high, and the external environment is volatile and unstable. These factors all have deep impacts on the Chinese economy. The more complex and grave the international situation is, and the more challenging and arduous the tasks of reform are, the more steadfast we shall be in following the guidance of Xi Jinping’s economic thought, marching forward in tandem and fostering strong synergy for development. This is key for the Chinese economy to forge ahead at its current stage and in the future, and it is the source of assurance for overcoming challenges and advancing with full strength.
本报告从哲学维度，聚焦习近平经济思想的鲜明特征，从“美”“实”“效”“协”“共”五个关键字出发，阐释习近平经济思想守正创新，开拓马克思主义政治经济学新境界。
The report focuses on the distinctive features of Xi Jinping’s economic thought from a philosophical dimension. It expounds on how Xi Jinping’s economic thought pursues innovation on the basis of what has worked in the past, and opens up new frontiers for the Marxist political economy with five key points: social well-being, solid underpinning, strong effectiveness, sound coordination and shared future.
本报告从方略维度，聚焦习近平经济思想的实践方略，阐释习近平经济思想指引中国经济坚持高质量发展，为全面建成社会主义现代化强国奠定更加雄厚的物质基础。
The report focuses on the practical strategies of Xi Jinping’s economic thought from a strategic dimension. It expounds on how Xi Jinping’s economic thought guides the Chinese economy to pursue high-quality development, and strengthens the material foundation for the building of a great modern socialist country in all respects.
本报告从战术维度，聚焦习近平经济思想的科学方法，阐释这一思想所蕴含的把握稳和进、危和机、供和需、内和外、破和立、远和近等辩证关系的大国经济治理智慧。
The report focuses on the scientific approaches of Xi Jinping’s economic thought from a tactical dimension. It expounds on his wisdom in economic governance in managing the relationships between stability and progress, between crisis and opportunity, between supply and demand, between domestic and external situations, between establishing the new and abolishing the old, and between immediate and future concerns.
本报告从全球视野，聚焦习近平经济思想的世界意义，阐释这一思想对全球发展之问的深刻回答。
The report focuses on the significance of Xi Jinping’s economic thought for the world from a global dimension. It expounds on his answers to the questions of global development.
本报告还梳理习近平同志在地方工作时的若干经济治理故事，从中探寻习近平经济思想的实践之源。
The report also explores the origins of Xi Jinping’s economic thought in practice by recounting his stories of economic governance when he worked in different localities.
来源：新华网 日期：2023年3月24日
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