天坛公园简介
天坛是明、清两代皇帝“祭天祈谷”的地方，建于1420年，占地面积273公顷。主要建筑有祈年殿、圜丘、皇穹宇。 祈年殿建于1420年，1545年改建为一座镏金宝顶的三重檐圆殿，1890年重修，1971年又进行了修整。
The Temple of Heaven，built in 1420 and covering an area of 237 hectares，[1] was the place where the emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties worshiped heaven and prayed for good harvest．It[2] mainly consists of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest，the Circular Mound Altar and the Imperial Vault of Heaven． The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest，originally built in 1420， was turned into a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a gilded ball on the top in 1545．Burnt down in a thunderstorm，[3] it was rebuilt in 1890，and repaired in 1971．
祈年殿是皇帝祈谷的地方，殿高38米（包括6米高石座），直径30米，砖木结构，中间没有横梁。
Used as a place for the emperors to pray for good harvest，the hall，[4] 38 metres high（including 6 metres of stone terrace） and 30 metres in diametre，is built of wood and brick，[5] with no beam in the centre．
皇穹宇建于1530年，著名的“回音壁”、“三音石”就在这里。 圜丘建于1530年，是皇帝冬至“祭天”和夏季“祈雨”的地方。圜丘是镶有汉白玉石栏杆的三层石台，站在台面中心说话，声音显得格外宏亮。
Built in 1530，[6] the Imperial Vault of Heaven contains the famous Echo Wall and the Triple Sound Stones． The Circular Mound Altar，also[7] built in 1530，was a place for the emperors to worship heaven on the winter solstice and pray for rain in summer．It is a 3-layer stone terrace decorated with white marble railings．Speaking in the middle of the altar，one’s voice will sound particularly loud and clear．
解说：
★1．原文这一部分放在句末，和前面是并列谓语。译文把这一部分译作分词短语，放在主语和谓语之间，这样可以使句子分出层次，突出了天坛的作用。
★2．这一句原文以“主要建筑”为主语，译文以it为主语，指前面一句所说的The Temple of Heaven。这样可以保持前后主语一致。
3．这是译者根据资料加的。如果不加，直接说It was rebuilt…显得突然。
★4．原文重复“祈年殿”，译文用the hall就够了。
5．brick作为建筑材料，可算是物质名词，不用复数。
6．前面两段都以地名开始，此段以Built in 1530开始，使得文字有些变化。
7．此处的年代和前面一句相同，所以加了also。
提示：
1．天坛：the Temple of Heaven
2．祭天祈谷：to worship heaven and pray for good harvest
3．祈年殿：the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest
4．圜丘：the Circular Mound Altar
5．皇穹宇：the Imperial Vault of Heaven
6．镏金宝顶的三重檐圆殿：a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a gilded ball on the top
7．据《中国名胜词典》这次重修是因为祈年殿于1889年遭雷击焚毁。
8．回音壁：the Echo Wall
9．三音石：the Triple Sound Stones
10．冬至：the winter solstice
11．汉白玉：white marble
来源：庄绎传《英汉简明翻译教程》
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